The following two updates has been released for Ubuntu Linux:

USN-4088-1: PHP vulnerability
USN-4089-1: Rack vulnerability

USN-4088-1: PHP vulnerability

=========================================================================
Ubuntu Security Notice USN-4088-1
August 07, 2019

php5 vulnerability
=========================================================================
A security issue affects these releases of Ubuntu and its derivatives:

- Ubuntu 14.04 ESM
- Ubuntu 12.04 ESM

Summary:

PHP could be made to denial of service, expose sensitive information
or execute arbitrary code if it received a specially crafted regular
expression.

Software Description:
- php5: HTML-embedded scripting language interpreter

Details:

It was discovered that PHP incorrectly handled certain regular expressions.
An attacker could possibly use this issue to expose sensitive information,
cause a denial of service or execute arbitrary code.

Update instructions:

The problem can be corrected by updating your system to the following
package versions:

Ubuntu 14.04 ESM:
libapache2-mod-php5 5.5.9+dfsg-1ubuntu4.29+esm4
php5-cgi 5.5.9+dfsg-1ubuntu4.29+esm4
php5-cli 5.5.9+dfsg-1ubuntu4.29+esm4
php5-fpm 5.5.9+dfsg-1ubuntu4.29+esm4
php5-xmlrpc 5.5.9+dfsg-1ubuntu4.29+esm4

Ubuntu 12.04 ESM:
libapache2-mod-php5 5.3.10-1ubuntu3.38
php5-cgi 5.3.10-1ubuntu3.38
php5-cli 5.3.10-1ubuntu3.38
php5-fpm 5.3.10-1ubuntu3.38
php5-xmlrpc 5.3.10-1ubuntu3.38

In general, a standard system update will make all the necessary changes.

References:
https://usn.ubuntu.com/4088-1
CVE-2019-13224

USN-4089-1: Rack vulnerability

==========================================================================
Ubuntu Security Notice USN-4089-1
August 07, 2019

ruby-rack vulnerability
==========================================================================

A security issue affects these releases of Ubuntu and its derivatives:

- Ubuntu 18.04 LTS
- Ubuntu 16.04 LTS

Summary:

Rack could allow cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks.

Software Description:
- ruby-rack: modular Ruby webserver interface

Details:

It was discovered that Rack incorrectly handled carefully crafted requests. A
remote attacker could use this issue to execute a cross-site scripting (XSS)
attack.

Update instructions:

The problem can be corrected by updating your system to the following
package versions:

Ubuntu 18.04 LTS:
ruby-rack 1.6.4-4ubuntu0.1

Ubuntu 16.04 LTS:
ruby-rack 1.6.4-3ubuntu0.1

In general, a standard system update will make all the necessary changes.

References:
https://usn.ubuntu.com/4089-1
CVE-2018-16471

Package Information:
https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/ruby-rack/1.6.4-4ubuntu0.1
https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/ruby-rack/1.6.4-3ubuntu0.1